Behavioral and sex ratio modification of Japanese ...
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| Title | Behavioral and sex ratio modification of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) in response to environmentally relevant mixtures of three pesticides |
| Author(s) | K. Teather, C. Jardine, K. Gormley |
| Journal | Environmental Toxicology |
| Date | 2005 |
| Volume | 20 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Start page | 110 |
| End page | 117 |
| Abstract | We exposed Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) to environmentally relevant concentrations of azinphos-methyl, chlorothalonil, endosulfan, and mixtures of all three to determine if combinations of these pesticides result in additive, less-than-additive, or more-than-additive effects. Medaka were exposed from fertilization until 7 days posthatching, and end points included survival, time to hatch, size at 7 days posthatching, activity level (as measured by distance swam) and foraging ability at 3 weeks posthatching, and adult size, liver size, and sex ratio at 5 months posthatching. Although exposure to individual pesticides or pesticide mixtures did not affect survival, hatching time, or foraging ability, fry exposed to azinphos-methyl were significantly smaller at 1 week of age, and those exposed to chlorothalonil and a combination of the chemicals showed reduced activity. Adult sex ratios were biased toward females in all groups exposed to pesticides, with those exposed to azinphos-methyl, chlorothalonil, and the pesticide mixture departing significantly from an even sex ratio. There was no evidence of additive or synergistic effects of pesticide mixtures.. |
| DOI | 10.1002/tox.20084 |
| ISSN | 1520-4081 |
Using APA 6th Edition citation style.
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