Objective: Sample Population: Procedures: Results: Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: To compare macrostructural and microstructural features of proximal sesamoid bones (PSBs) from horses with and without PSB midbody fracture to gain insight into the pathogenesis of PSB fracture.PSBs from 16 Thorou...

The availability of accurate diagnostic tests is essential for the detection and control of Toxoplasma gondii infections in both definitive and intermediate hosts. Sensitivity, specificity and the area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve are commonly used measures of test accurac...

Objective - To investigate herd characteristics and management practices associated with a high seroprevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in dairy herds in central California. Sample Population - 60 randomly selected cows from each of 21 dairy herds. Procedures - Sera of se...

The objective of this study was to determine if viable Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) was present in waste milk delivered and fed to calves on California calf ranches. Four calf-raising facilities in the Central Valley of California that fed pasteurized waste milk to calves were e...

Objective: Sample Population: Procedure: Results: Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: To determine the distribution for limbs and bones in horses with fractures of the proximal sesamoid bones and relationships with findings on palmarodorsal radiographic images.Proximal sesamoid bones obtained from b...

One hundred and ninety-one sera from horses that recently were exposed to West Nile virus (WNV) by either vaccination or natural infection or that were not vaccinated and remained free of infection were used to evaluate fluorescent microsphere immunoassays (MIAs) incorporating recombinant WNV envelo...

Objective - To estimate the analytic sensitivity of microscopic detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts and the environmental loading of T. gondii oocysts on the basis of prevalence of shedding by owned and unowned cats. Design - Cross-sectional survey. Sample Population - 326 fecal samples from cats...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of blood contamination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on the results of indirect fluorescent antibody tests (IFATs) for Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora hughesi. The in vitro study used antibody-negative CSF collected from non-neurologic horses imm...

Objective: Animals: Procedures: Results: Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: To measure the frequency and magnitude of reduced fibrinogen binding in a population of horses from a Thoroughbred breeding farm.444 Thoroughbred horses, 1 to 27 years old, including 316 females, 72 geldings, and 56 sexuall...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate flow cytometric analysis for sex identification in 3 psittacine species, establish reference values for blood cell DNA content for each species, and determine effects of sample storage on DNA content. ANIMALS: 36 orange-winged Amazon parrots, 41 budgerigars, and 39 cockatiels....

This study was conducted to determine risk factors for Lawsonia intracellularis seropositivity in the breeding and grower-finisher units of US farrowing-to-finishing swine herds. Serum was collected from 15 breeding females and 15 grower-finisher pigs per herd in 184 farrow-to-finish herds, a subset...

To describe epidemiologic characteristics of outbreaks of porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE) and evaluate associations between herd production and management factors, and disease occurrence. A questionnaire about management factors was administered by telephone to the owners or managers of 30 P...

The sensitivity of the Colilert test for detection of different isolates of E. coli O157:H7 and other verotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC) serotypes from water was evaluated. E. coli isolates evaluated were of human, bovine, porcine or food origin. The sensitivity of the Colilert test was 92% overall ...

Three groups of newborn Hereford-Angus crossbred beef calves were used to study whether parenteral administration of selenium to calves and the amount of forage and protein provided to their dams affects unadjusted body weight, adjusted 205-day body weight, and average daily gain (ADG). 55 calves we...

Thoroughbred racehorses in California that were destroyed because of a complete humeral or pelvic fracture were investigated to determine whether a two-month or longer period without official high-speed workouts (lay-up) is associated with humeral or pelvic fracture. Age, sex, activity, number of la...

An ELISA was developed for the detection of antibodies against channel catfish virus (CCV) in the serum of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. The ELISA was used to test sera from 20 waterborne CCV-exposed juvenile channel catfish and 10 unexposed channel catfish for antibodies to CCV. Each serum w...

Objective - To determine sensitivity and specificity of western blot testing (WBT) of CSF and serum for diagnosis of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) in horses with and without neurologic abnormalities. Design - Prospective investigation. Animals - 65 horses with and 169 horses without neuro...

In May 1996, 150 grower pigs in 5 California counties were given a selenium-contaminated feed distributed by a single feed company. Feed samples from 20 herds had a mean selenium concentration of 121.7 ppm dry weight (range, 22.1-531 ppm). In San Luis Obispo County, 52 pigs in 24 herds were exposed ...

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the accuracy of the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) using serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of horses naturally and experimentally infected with Sarcocystis neurona, to assess the correlation between serum and CSF titres, and to determine the...

A serum indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was compared with a Western blot (WB) and a modified Western blot (mWB) for diagnosis of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM). Using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the area under the curve of the IFAT was greater than the area ...

The study objective was to assess the risk of transplacental transmission of Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora hughesi in foals from 4 California farms during 3 foaling seasons. Serum of presuckle foals and serum and colostrum of periparturient mares were tested using indirect fluorescent antibody te...

Neospora hughesi is a newly recognized protozoan pathogen in horses that causes a myeloencephalitis similar to Sarcocystis neurona. There are no validated serological tests using the gold standard sera that are currently available to detect specific N. hughesi antibodies and, thus, no tests availabl...

An indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection was validated using serum from 77 necropsied southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) whose T. gondii infection status was determined through immunohistochemistry and parasite isolation in cell culture. 28 o...