The effects of petroleum exposure on haematological and clinical biochemical results of mink were identified and variables that may be useful for making management decisions involving sea otters (Enhydra lutris) that have been exposed to oil in their environment were identified [California, USA; dat...

Objective - To compare the results of regulatory screening and confirmation assays with those of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the detection of ceftiofur metabolites in the tissues of culled dairy cattle. Animals - 17 lactating Holstein dairy cows. Procedure - Daily IM injections ...

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of an isolated perfusion circuit and the effect of ischaemia-reperfusion on mucosal permeability of the jejunum. Study Design: in vitro study of intestinal mucosal permeability. Animals: twelve healthy adult horses. Methods: a control segment of jejunum was placed...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether foals with pneumonia that were treated with erythromycin, alone or in combination with rifampin or gentamicin, had a higher risk of developing adverse effects, compared with foals treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMS), penicillin G procaine (PGP), or a comb...

A database of sea lice counts from 33 sea water farms in Scotland, UK from the Firth of Cyde to Loch We, Sky and the Western Isles, was compiled. Data were assimilated for a 5-year period (1996-2000), involving counts on 70 824 fish (salmon). The pattern of abundance is reported for Lepeophtheirus s...

Objective: To validate a luciferase bioassay, which is based on a recombinant mouse hepatoma cell line, for the detection of exposure to petroleum in mustelid species. Animals: 122 American mink (Mustela vison) and 15 sea otters (Enhydra lutris). Procedures: Mink were exposed to Bunker C fuel oil or...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether peritoneal fluid pH, glucose concentration, and lactate dehydrogenase activity can be used to differentiate horses with septic peritonitis from those with nonseptic peritonitis. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 46 horses, including 10 healthy horses, 15 horses with...

Objective - To investigate the epidemiologic and financial impacts of targeted sampling of subpopulations of cows, compared with random sampling of all cows, for classification of dairy herd infection status for paratuberculosis. Animals - All cows from 4 infected herds with a low-to-moderate preval...

We develop a Bayesian approach to sample size computations for surveys designed to provide evidence of freedom from a disease or from an infectious agent. A population is considered "disease-free" when the prevalence or probability of disease is less than some threshold value. Prior distributions ar...

The causes, incidence and control of arthritis in swine are discussed. Abattoir condemnation of carcasses for arthritis caused major economic losses for producers in New South Wales. Of 1 117 818 pigs slaughtered in 1979-1980, 1979 (0.18%) were condemned for arthritis.

One side of each of 20 lamb carcasses was dissected into muscle, bone and fat. The other side of each lamb was cross-sectioned at 11 sites. Photographs of cross-sections were scanned with an image analyser to measure the amount of muscle, bone and fat at each site. Estimations of the composition of ...

Deaths in cattle fed sudax hay were attributed to nitrate poisoning. Seventy-three animals out of 157 cattle died after being fed the hay, and 11 of the surviving cows aborted in the next 6 days. Toxicological findings supported this diagnosis with samples of the sudax hay containing up to 3.1% nitr...

Intramural vascular patterns of the jejunum and colon were evaluated during ischaemic strangulation obstruction (ISO, 70 min) and subsequent reperfusion (60 min) in 7 adult anaesthetized horses. Microvasculature of experimental and control segments was described by comparison of results from microan...

Effects of intraluminal distention (25 cm of H2O, 120 min) and subsequent decompression (60 min) on intramural vascular patterns of the small intestine was evaluated in 7 anaesthetized horses. Intraluminal distension (25 cm of H2O, 120 min) was created in 2 jejunal segments in each horse. Experiment...

Nine of ten 13-month-old Aberdeen Angus bulls, injected with 0.25 ml of a sclerosing agent (3.6% formaldehyde in 90% ethanol) in the caudae epididymes, developed epididymitis after nine days. Semen samples collected after 40 days contained numerous motile spermatozoa in one sample, and small numbers...

Between July 1985 and April 1986, mycobacterial lymphadenitis was diagnosed in 6 of 2407 slaughter pigs from a herd in which most animals were raised in confinement. All 6 affected pigs had access to earth-floored pens at least 81 days before slaughter. Infection rate was 9.4% in pigs kept on earth ...

Data were collected for 3636 full-term pigs born in a commercial swine herd to determine the effects of birth weight and clinical disease on survival during the first 3 weeks of life. Logistic regression models were constructed for 7-day survival for all live-born pigs, and for 21-day survival for p...

Serological responses to A. pleuropneumoniae serovar 7 infection were monitored by ELISA in a cohort of 66 pigs between weaning and market. Antibody concentrations were high (63/65 seropositive) at 4 weeks of age but declined to low levels from 8 to 12 weeks. Mean antibody concn rose significantly b...

Half the sows and boars on each of 5 commercial farms that had histories of seasonal infertility were given 4 g vitamin C daily. The other half was unsupplemented. Of 423 sows which were allocated to the experiment during the summer-early autumn of 1978-79, 392 were available for mating during the c...

The financial impact of an outbreak of transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs which occurred in February 1986, was evaluated in a California sow herd (320 sows, 15 boars) through estimating the effects on growth, feed, and profit. Two groups of pigs were studied: pigs born before and surviving the ou...

Using computerized decision-tree analysis and simulation modelling to evaluate control and eradication strategies for pseudorabies virus (PRV) three alternative actions were considered for a hypothetical 100-sow, farrow-to-finish operation: (1) depopulation-repopulation, (2) test-and-removal of sero...

Studies were conducted under experimental and field conditions to determine the effect of infection with M. hyopneumoniae on the immune response in serum as measured by ELISA. Following intratracheal challenge or contact exposure, serologically negative pigs derived from mycoplasma-free piggeries de...

The distribution, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention and control of Babesia gibsoni infections in dogs are reviewed. This disease affects wild and domestic canids in Asia, Africa, Europe, the Middle East and North America. Common clinical signs include anaemia, pyrexia, anorexia, l...

The extent of the serological cross-reactivity was determined in the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test for B. gibsoni, and the optimal cut-off titre for seropositivity. The lowest titre to B. gibsoni detected in a dog with naturally acquired clinical babesiosis was 1280 and 7 of 12 dogs had t...

Objective - To develop a better system for classification of herd infection status for paratuberculosis (Johne's disease JD]) in US cattle herds on the basis of the risk of potential transmission of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratubeculosis. Sample - Simulated data for herd size and within-herd...