The meconium aspiration syndrome is an important cause of respiratory distress in newborn infants. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) provide a first line of defense in the lower respiratory tract against inhaled pathogens and particles such as meconium. In this study, we examined the effect of meconium on ...

A lymphocyte stimulation test using antigens of Corynebacterium equi was used to compare the response of peripheral blood lymphocytes from foals with C equi pneumonia with those of clinically normal foals and adult horses. The test clearly distinguished infected foals from normal foals when tested i...

The ontogeny of major histocompatibility class II antigens in small intestine enterocytes of postnatal C3H/He mice was investigated. Cryosections of duodenal, jejunal, and ileal segments from 7-, 14-, 16-, 20-, 21-, 23-, 25-, 27-, 28-day-old and 7-week-old mice were stained for the class II antigens...

The qualitative and quantitative expression of major histocompatibility class II antigens was investigated in the absorptive epithelium of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum from mice of C3H/He (H-2k haplotype) and C57BL/6 (H-2b haplotype) strains by peroxidase-antiperoxidase labelling and image analy...

In determining the effective vaccine spore dose of a low-virulence strain of Loma salmonae to limit micro-sporidial gill disease in trout, we found that fish receiving 10(3) to 10(5) killed spores had the best protection against experimental infection, with 85% fewer xenomas in their gills than in t...

Resistance to re-infection of rainbow trout to Loma salmonae, a microsporidian gill parasite has been previously documented and this study examined how rapidly this resistance develops. Naive rainbow trout were inoculated intraperitoneally (IP) with an inactivated spore-based vaccine and were then g...

The early ultrastructural stages of Loma salmonae were studied in the gills of experimentally infected rainbow trout. No parasitic stages were identified during the first 2 wk of the infection. By week 3 postexposure (PE), uninucleate and binucleate meronts were recognized within host cells (no xeno...

Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration was measured, using an automated immunoturbidimetric assay, in 44 clinically normal dogs and 67 dogs with band neutrophil count > or = 10(9) cells/L, and values were found to be significantly (P or = 10(9) band neutrophils/L resulted in a statistically...

Loma salmonae, a microsporidian parasite of salmonids of the genus Oncorhynchus, is a significant cause of economic loss in pen-reared chinook salmon (O. tschawytscha). Final stages of L. salmonae infections are easily recognized by the xenomas that form in the gills during sporogony. However, early...

Sporozoites of S. hirsuta, although they also penetrated into bovine monocytes, developed to the schizogonous phase only in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Schizonts were evident from 14 days after sporozoite inoculation (DAI) and persisted to 62 DAI, when experiments were terminated. Mer...

Experimental infection of rainbow trout juveniles with L. salmonae at a water temperature of 15 degrees C yielded detectable parasite DNA within the gills by the second week after exposure (AE) and detectable spore-wall antigen within developing xenomas by week 3 AE, as determined by in situ hybridi...

Angiostrongylus vasorum, French Heartworm, is a metastrongylid nematode infecting the pulmonary arteries and right heart of wild and domestic canids in various regions of the world. Infection in dogs can result in fatal cardiopulmonary disease. A single endemic focus of A. vasorum in North America o...

Juvenile brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) were experimentally infected with a Loma salmonae variant to assess its infectivity within a range of salmonid species. The study shows that after in...

This study evaluates the ability of selenium (Se) supplementation to prevent experimental copper (Cu)-induced hepatocellular damage. Weanling male Fischer 344 rats were randomly assigned to groups of 15, 3 groups (A,B,C) were fed Cu-loaded diets (containing 2000 microg/g copper, added as CuSO4) and ...

A lectin that agglutinates rabbit red blood cells (RBCs) and human type B RBCs was isolated from ova of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss . Partial purification of this hemagglutinating material was achieved by affinity chromatography of an H sub(2)O-dialyzed yolk homogenate on rhamnose-linked Sepha...

Loma salmonae, an obligate intracellular microsporidian parasite, is the causal agent of microsporidial gill disease of salmon (MGDS), characterized by the production, growth and eventual rupture of spore-filled xenomas. MGDS in farmed chinook salmon remains occult until xenoma rupture, at which tim...

The main objective of this investigation was to examine the ultrastructural features of gills from rainbow trout experimentally infected with Loma salmonae to determine the morphological events that occur during the late stages of development of this parasite. Peripheral distribution of the mature p...

Following a per os challenge of naive rainbow trout with live spores of Loma salmonae, head kidney mononuclear cells (MNC) in culture were able to proliferate in response to crude soluble parasite extract or intact dead spores. A significant response was seen by week 2 post-exposure and a maximum re...

The aim of this study was to determine the amount of excess dietary copper (Cu) necessary to experimentally induce liver lesions characteristic of Cu-associated disease in Fischer 344 rats. Male weanling Fischer 344 rats of uniform age were divided into 6 groups (n = 5) and fed a rodent diet contain...

Experimental infections with Piscirickettsia salmonis via intraperitoneal (IF), oral (PO) and gill (GS) routes were compared, and the importance of physical contact in the horizontal transmission of this organism was investigated. Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., under-yearling parr raised in fresh ...