Determined leucocyte adhesiveness/aggregation (LAA) during stress in 44 rats following sham operation or olfactory bulbectomy. The effects of chronic treatment with the antidepressant desipramine and calf thymopeptides on the LAA state and differential white cell count were also assessed. In the olf...

BACKGROUND: An increase in inflammatory response and an imbalance between T-helper (Th) 1 and 2 functions have been implicated in major depression. The aims of the present study were to 1) study the relationship between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and between Th1 and Th2 produced cytokines ...

Examined (1) the activity of serum prolyl endopeptidase (PEP) and dipeptidlyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) in 12 detoxified alcohol-dependent patients without liver disease vs 12 normal controls, and (2) the relationships between serum DPP IV and PEP activity and the production of cytokines or cytokine rec...

Central or peripheral administration of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1? can impair performance on spatial memory tasks and also elevate circulating concentration of corticosterone. The present experiment provides independent confirmation that intracerebroventricular administration o...

Examined the effects of chronic treatment with non-sedative histamine H-sub-1 receptor antagonist terfenadine on the behavioral and immunological parameters in the olfactory bulbectomized (OB) rat model of depression. OB Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with saline or terfenadine for 16 days after ...

Examined the concentrations of immunoglobulin IgM, complement C3c, complement C4, positive acute phase proteins (e.g., haptoglobin, ?-sub-1-acid glycoprotein, ?-sub-1-antitrypsin), and negative acute phase proteins (e.g., albumin, transferrin) in 20 unipolar depressed patients and 8 healthy controls...

Examined the effect of 2 neurogenic stressors (air puff and restraint) and a metabolic stressor (lipopolysaccharide; 100 ?g/kg) on accumbal serotonergic neurotransmission in the olfactory bulbectomized (OB) rat model of depression. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in 2 studies. Both puff and restr...

Examined the effects of the chronic administration of the sigma ligand JO 1784 (igmesine) CRF-induced changes in some behavioural, immune, endocrine and neurotransmitter parameters in rats.

Examined the effects of psychological stress on platelet ?2-adrenergic receptor (?2-AR) binding sites in relation to stress-induced anxiety and changes in the inflammatory response system.

Three common dosing regimens of the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced model of Parkinson's disease (PD) were compared in C57BL/6 mice on behavior, striatal and extra-striatal neurotransmission, and brain cytokines, to clarify the differences between regimens on these v...

Interleukin (IL)-1beta may play an important role in Alzheimer's disease. However, the relationships between glucocorticoids and acetylcholine (ACh), and between neurotrophins and ACh in IL-1-induced memory deficits are unknown. While ethyl-eicosapentaenoate (E-EPA) has recently been reported t...

Evidence suggests a link between Parkinson's disease and the dietary intake of omega (n)−3 and n−6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Presently, we investigated whether an acute dose of parkinsonian neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) affects brain n−3 and n−6 PUFA content a...

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) A is a critical enzyme in the catabolism of dopamine. Dysfunction of dopaminergic systems has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, suggesting that MAOA gene variation might be associated with the disorder. MAOA gene variation was compared between 234 Chine...

S100B is a calcium-binding protein, which is produced primarily by glial cells. It modulates the proliferation and differentiation of neurons and glia by affecting protective and apoptotic mechanisms. Recently, several studies have shown increased serum S100B levels in patients with schizophrenia, s...

Background The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) has been found to process neuroprotective effects. However, the exact cellular mechanisms are not well understood. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is one of neurotrophins, which is involved in neuron differentiation,...

An increased inflammatory response and deficient synthesis of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) may contribute to the etiology of depression. However, the interrelationship between inflammation and NTFs is unknown. Recently, ethyl-eicosapentaenoate (EPA) has been used to treat depression. The mechanism by...

It has been demonstrated that the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with inflammatory disorders in the brain. Although the interactions of inflammatory cytokines with neurotrophins have been reported in vitro, the balance change between inflammatory cytokines and ...

The bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) produces a host of effects in mammals known collectively as 'sickness' behaviours. Acute treatment with LPS also results in a loss of hedonic capacity in rodents that can be measured by changes in responding for reinforcing electrical stimulation of t...

Macrophages produced proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory responses can cause many symptoms of depression, including direct stimulation of the HPA axis and secretion of cortisol. In depressed patients, hypercortisolism has been well described as one of the major symptoms and also as the cause ...