Many countries do not have the resources to develop epidemiological models of animal diseases. As a result, it is tempting to use models developed in other countries. However, an existing model may need to be adapted in order for it to be appropriately applied in a country, region, or situation othe...

Several aquatic environments of the province of Córdoba (Argentina) are used for sport fishing and catching of bait fish. The aim of this paper is to describe the characteristics of 9 outbreaks of disease on wild fish in the central-south region of Córdoba (31° and 35°S, 62° and 65°W). Fish we...

UNIRED: PROYECTO PADRINAZGO PUBLICACIONES PERIODICAS ARGENTINAS. Título (A): Primera etapa en el desarrollo de un sistema de información geográfica (SIG) aplicada a la vigilancia epidemiológica: comunicación, pp. 331. Autor Personal (A): Sanchez, J.; Piscitelli, Hernán Gustavo; Severina, W.; L...

La aplicacion indiscriminada de fertilizantes con NPK, ademas de la aplicacion de enmiendas calcareas, en la mayoria de los suelos del Estado Monagas y Anzoategui ha causado grandes deficiencias de micronutrimentos. Esta investigacion se realizo en una siembra comercial de maiz. Es decir todas las ...

La aplicacion indiscriminada de fertilizantes con NPK, ademas de la aplicacion de enmiendas calcareas, en la mayoria de los suelos del Estado Monagas y Anzoategui ha causado grandes deficiencias de micronutrimentos. Esta investigacion se realizo en una siembra comercial de maiz. Es decir todas las ...

In the food safety arena, the decision-making process can be especially difficult. Decision makers are often faced with social and fiscal pressures when attempting to identify an appropriate balance among several choices. Concurrently, policy and decision makers in microbial food safety are under in...

The objective of this study was to investigate if treatment of cows with eprinomectin around calving had any beneficial effects on the calving to first artificial insemination interval, calving to conception interval, and number of services per conception in totally- and semi-confined dairy herds. I...

The geographical and temporal dynamics of the outbreak of off-flavours in bulk-tank milk that occurred between September 2000 and June 2002 in Prince Edward Island (PEI) dairy herds were described using spatial, temporal and space-time scan statistics. Results suggested clustering both in time and s...

In spatial analyses of causes or health effects of environmental pollutants, small units of analyses are usually preferred for internal environmental homogeneity reasons but can only be done when fine resolution data are available for most units. Objectives of this study were to determine which land...

The objective of this study was to determine the agreement between ELISA tests conducted using three O. ostertagia antigens: crude adult worm, larval stage 4 (L4) excretory/secretory (ES) and adult ES. This study was carried out on 289 Holstein cows from five herds in Prince Edward Island and one he...

The objective of this study was to describe the spatial and temporal dynamics of the 1999 outbreak of acute clinical infectious bursal disease (IBD) in broiler chicken farms in Denmark. The analysis was performed using data from all broiler farms located in the Jutland peninsula and the island of Fu...

Meta-analysis was used to estimate the effects of anthelmintic treatment on milk production in dairy cows. The literature search included peer-reviewed journals (both full articles and abstracts), conference proceedings and theses and included documents written in English, Spanish, French, Portugues...

A clinical trial was carried out in two provinces of Canada (Prince Edward Island and Quebec) to investigate the effect of treatment with eprinomectin at calving on production parameters in adult dairy cattle in 1999-2000. One of the objectives of this study was to evaluate the impact of treatment o...

The objective of this study was to quantify the relationship of the levels of antibodies to Ostertagia ostertagi in bulk-tank milk samples from Prince Edward Island (PEI) dairy farms to milk production and to herd-management practices potentially related to gastrointestinal nematode infections. The ...

Evaluation of important causes of heterogeneity among study results is an important component of any meta-analysis. For factors which can be measured (e.g. population characteristics, indicators of study quality), standard methods such as meta-regression can be used for this evaluation. The underlyi...

The practice of disease surveillance has shifted in the last two decades towards the introduction of systems capable of early detection of disease. Modern biosurveillance systems explore different sources of pre-diagnostic data, such as patient's chief complaint upon emergency visit or labo...

This paper reviews recent progress in the development of syndromic surveillance systems for veterinary medicine. Peer-reviewed and grey literature were searched in order to identify surveillance systems that explicitly address outbreak detection based on systematic monitoring of animal population da...

Global climate change is predicted to lead to an increase in infectious disease outbreaks. Reliable surveillance for diseases that are most likely to emerge is required, and given limited resources, policy decision makers need rational methods with which to prioritise pathogen threats. Here expe...

Increasing incidences of emerging and re-emerging diseases that are mostly zoonotic (e.g. severe acute respiratory syndrome, avian influenza H5N1, pandemic influenza) has led to the need for a multidisciplinary approach to tackling these threats to public and animal health. Accordingly, a global...

Selected alternative treatments for preventing or controlling gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) in sheep under field conditions were evaluated using a systematic review-meta-analysis methodology. Forty-three publications reporting 51 studies (21 controlled studies (CS) and 30 challenge studies (ChS))...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of anthelmintic treatment at calving in herds that were totally or semiconfined during the summer. In totally confined herds, lactating and dry cows were housed throughout the summer and had no access to pasture. In semiconfined herds, lactatin...

An indirect Ostertagia ostertagi ELISA was used in late lactation milk samples from cows in confined and semi-confined dairy herds to determine if it could predict milk production response after endectocide treatment at calving. Holstein cows from 9 dairy farms from Prince Edward Island (PEI), 5 fro...

The present study was carried out to evaluate the relationship between milk optical density ratios (ODRs) from an indirect Ostertagia ostertagi ELISA, total milk IgG levels and milk production and then establish a correction factor to adjust ODR. Five hundred and sixty composite milk samples collect...

An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies against Ostertagia ostertagi using a crude adult worm antigen was evaluated using serum and milk samples from adult cows, as well as from bulk tank milk. Within and between plate repeatabilities were determined. In...

The epidemiology of bovine gastrointestinal nematodes was investigated through a 1-year (October 1999 to September 2000) longitudinal study in 38 Canadian dairy herds from 4 different provinces (Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Ontario, Saskatchewan). For each herd, fecal egg counts from 8 randomly sel...

The general objective of this study was to evaluate a crude Ostertagia ostertagi antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for monitoring gastrointestinal parasites in lactating dairy cattle. A longitudinal study of gastrointestinal parasites in lactating dairy cows was carried out in 38 her...

We evaluated (using latent-class models) the ability of the California Mastitis Test (CMT) to identify cows with intramammary infections on the day of dry-off. The positive and negative predictive values of this test to identify cows requiring dry-cow antibiotics (i.e. infected) was also assessed. W...

Background Recent focus on earlier detection of pathogen introduction in human and animal populations has led to the development of surveillance systems based on automated monitoring of health data. Real- or near real-time monitoring of pre-diagnostic data requires automated classification of recor...

To secure the safety of international trade of animal and their derived products, it is required that animals should be proven infection-free using a validated diagnostic test certified by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). Test validation involves a multi-step evaluation process to as...

The development and implementation of systems for real-time monitoring of health data has been limited in veterinary medicine by the lack of computerized, automatically collected data. We describe the construction of a surveillance system for early detection of cattle diseases based on laboratory re...

The objective of this study was to assess the stability of ELISA plates prepared with one of three blocking agents and used with one of two conjugates at various time intervals after preparation of the plates. Two of the blocking agents used were commercially available: one termed stabilgaurd (stab)...

Gastrointestinal nematodes, such as Ostertagia ostertagi and several species of Cooperia, are ubiquitous in temperate climates and have been shown to have detrimental effects on production in adult dairy cattle. A published meta-analysis demonstrated that overall, producers lose approximately 0.35 k...

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to identify study-level variables that could explain the variation in apparent Salmonella spp. prevalence estimates. Electronic and non-electronic literature searches from 1990 until 2005 were carried out to identify all studies related to the prev...

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) have been used as a diagnostic tool to quantify levels of gastrointestinal nematodes in dairy cattle by measuring Ostertagia ostertagi antibodies in milk. Higher levels of O. ostertagi antibodies measured by ELISA methods, referred to as optical density ra...