Serum antibody titers to bovine respiratory syncytial virus were determined for 559 cattle. Serum samples were obtained through the Minnesota State-Federal Brucellosis Laboratory and were collected over a 1-year period. Results of this study revealed an antibody prevalence of 65.5% to bovine respira...

Quercetin was able to reduce the cytotoxic effect of T-2 mycotoxin on cultured murine thymocytes. When given to mice immediately before challenge with T-2 mycotoxins, quercetin significantly reduced mortality.

An indirect haemagglutination test (IHA) and ELISA technique were developed to detect antibodies against Eimeria tenella. The ELISA technique was relatively easy to perform, more sensitive than the IHA test, and needed only a fraction of the antigen required for IHA. The highest titers using ELISA w...

Pooled seminal plasma obtained from six bulls was tested for its immunosuppressive activities in vitro on blastogenesis of bovine lymphocytes. Lymphocyte stimulation assay and mixed lymphocyte reaction were used as test procedures. Concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin were utilized in the lymphocyt...

This study describes the isolation and partial characterization of a low molecular weight (approximately 14 kDa), cadmium-binding protein from rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss) liver. Rainbow trout were injected intraperitoneally with 3.5 mg/kg cadmium chloride (total body dose) twice weekly for 3...

An anionic detergent, sodiumdodecylbenzenesulphonate, had an adjuvant effect upon aerosol allergic sensitization with subtilopeptidase A, a proteolytic enzyme of Bacillus subtilis. Both local and systemic antibody responses were accelerated and prolonged by use of the detergent. This adjuvant effect...

The effect of vitamin E injections on immune responses of calves was investigated. Treatments were: 0, 900, 1800 and 2700 IU of D-alpha-tocopherol given by injection starting at birth and then a 3 wk interval until the age of 12 wk. Plasma vitamin E levels were significantly higher for supplemented ...

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) was the viral agent most commonly identified in 14 epizootics of pneumonia in dairy calves. A microtiter serum-virus neutralization test proved to be the best means of identifying involvement of BRSV; seroconversion (fourfold or greater rise in titer) was de...

In Ireland sprinkler irrigation applied to black currant bushes at the rate of 120 gal. per min. during the nights in April and May when freezing temperatures were recorded gave protection against frost. Yields were 58 cwt./acre compared to 31 cwt./acre in the unsprinkled control..

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of oral supplementation of vitamin C and vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), alone and in combination, on immune responses of calves. In Experiment 1, 18 Holstein newborn female calves were supplemented with 0, 1, and 2 g/d of vitamin C from birth to ...

Bovine fetal lung tissue culture cells were infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. The cells released substances into the supernatant fluid that suppressed the proliferative response of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells which had been stimulated with concanavalin A. Activity could be fou...

Guinea-pig respiratory and serum antibody responses were enhanced following exposure to aerosols of bovine IgG2 dissolved in solutions of sodium dodecylbenzene sulphate (SDBS). Enhanced response was seen in both primary and secondary immunization. Cell-mediated immune response (indirect macrophage m...

Follicular fluid from bovine follicles at various stages of the estrous cycle and cysts were tested in vitro for immunosuppressive activity. Mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte assays and the mixed lymphocyte reaction were used as test procedures and thymidine uptake was monitored. Follicular fluid and cy...

Calves were vaccinated by intrabronchial or subcutaneous injection of formalinized Pasteurella haemolytica. Antibody in serum, nasal washings, and bronchoalveolar washings was titrated sequentially before and after calves were vaccinated and then challenge exposed with live homologous bacteria. Bron...

Adddition of an anionic detergent to aerosols of Bacillus subtilis protease markedly increased mortality in guinea pigs following a single aerosol exposure and altered the nature of the lung pathology after exposure. It was observed that the detergent inhibited in vitro activity of serum protease in...

Calves were inoculated intratracheally with 5 X 10(7), 5 X 10(8), or 5 X 10(9) colony forming units of either 18-hour stationary phase cultures or 4-hour log phase cultures of Pasteurella haemolytica. The log phase culture at all concentrations produced more severe clinical signs, hematological chan...

Bovine alveolar macrophages cultured for 12 hours with normal bovine bronchoalveolar washing supernatants (BWS) showed impaired phagocytosis of Pasteurella haemolytica when compared with phagocytosis in control cultures. Such impairment was not observed when another gram-negative bacillus, Yersinia ...

Liposomes were prepared from phosphotidylcholine and cholesterol at a molar ratio of 4:1. One group of 10 fish received an intraperitoneal injection of multilamella liposomes (MLV), while another group received large unilamellar liposomes (LUV). Approx. 20 micro Ci of tritiated cholesterol had been ...