The effects of dietary lipid levels on growth, feed utilization, hepatosomatic index (HSI), liver lipid deposition and tissue fatty acid composition in haddock were investigated. Triplicate tanks of juvenile haddock (6.9 g) were fed graded levels of herring oil to supply 14, 16, 19 and 22% lipid (DM...

Lupins were roasted in a flame roaster with an exit temperature of 105 degrees C. The effect of heating on protein solubility and rumen degradability of lupin were evaluated by chemical and Dacron bag procedures. Solubility of nitrogen in buffer was reduced from 69.8% in raw lupin to 35.8% in roaste...

Sweet white lupins (Lupinus albus) and a high protein variety of soyabeans, AC Proteus (HPSB), were roasted in an electric roaster at 300 degrees C for 1, 2, 3 or 4 min. Raw and roasted samples were analysed for total nitrogen, acid detergent insoluble N and protease insoluble N, and available rumen...

Effects of processing whole soyabean on growth characteristics, fatty acid composition and lipid peroxidation activity of beef tissue were investigated with 40 crossbred steers. The basal diet consisted of grass and corn silage, barley grain, vitamins and minerals. The dietary treatments were: raw s...

In Experiment 1, 24 multiparous cows in early lactation were given a basal diet for ad lib. intake consisting of 24.3% (DM) maize silage, 25.9% whole crop barley silage, 33.1% lucerne silage and 16.7% of a protein supplement. Raw barley grain, or barley flame roasted to reduce its rate of rumen degr...

For 3 weeks, 128 male Sprague-Dawley rats, 3 weeks old, were fed on diets containing no protein, casein, soyabean meal, roasted or raw soyabeans, or sweet white lupin (Lupinus albus) cultivar Primorski or Ultra without or with 0.1% lysine or 0.2% methionine. Relative net protein ratio (RNPR) (casein...

The effect of body fatness on the fasting heat production and energetic efficiency of adult sheep was studied. Energy balance and heat production were estimated in adult wether sheep at 3 fatness levels given a diet of grass hay and maize at 4 feeding levels, including fasting, in open-circuit respi...

Amino acid availability values for Atlantic salmon were evaluated for two steam- and one flame-dried herring meal, menhaden meal, anchovy meal, and a Norwegian capelin meal (Norse-LT94(R)). Apparent amino acid availabilities were calculated based on feces collected either by manual stripping or sedi...

A low trypsin inhibitor soyabean (LTI) was characterized using electrophoresis, enzyme activity measurements and gel exclusion chromatography. The protein profiles were similar to a control soyabean. Gel exclusion chromatography resulted in two peaks of trypsin inhibitor activity in the control. The...

A three-step in vitro procedure was developed by Calsamiglia and Stern [J. Anim. Sci. 73 (1995) 1459] to estimate intestinal protein digestion after 16 h incubation in the rumen. The objective of our work was to modify this procedure to give an accurate estimation of N digestibility without the use ...

120 pigs, 11.6 kg, were fed on barley-based diets in which 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% of supplementary soyabean meal protein was replaced by dehydrated lupin seed (Lupinus albus cultivar Ultra). Starter pigs (10-20 kg) given the 25% lupin diet (25% L) had similar growth rates and consumed more feed (P<...

In 1996 at AquaBounty Farms (Prince Edward Island, Canada) the rates of routine oxygen consumption of 660 growth-enhanced transgenic Atlantic salmon (carrying a chinook salmon growth hormone gene driven by an ocean pout antifreeze gene promoter) were compared with that of 660 non-transgenic salmon, ...

In two experiments with 57 rats, the maintenance energy requirement (MER) of adult rats with different degrees of body fatness was proportional to metabolic body size and the combined equation was MER (kJ/day) = 394.8 Wkg0.75. Results indicated that the gains in protein and fat were nonlinear, the r...

Triplicate groups of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fingerlings, about 4.7+or-0.2 g, were fed to appetite on diets containing 1.24, 1.76, 1.90, 2.19, 2.45, 2.68 and 2.94% lysine and gross energy 24.1 MJ/kg of diet (DM basis, DMB) for 70 days. The salmon were reared in water salinity 10 ppt at 15 degr...

15 multiparous Holstein cows in mid to late lactation were fed on lucerne silage and a concentrate diet (barley 747, maize 200 and molasses 30 kg/t) supplemented with soyabean meal (control) or raw or roasted lupin seeds in a Latin square arrangement consisting of three 4-week periods. Chemical comp...

The influence of food deprivation on the rate of oxygen consumption and the rate of mobilization/utilization of energy reserves in F2 generation growth-enhanced transgenic Atlantic salmon were compared relative to their non-transgenic counterparts, over a pre-smolt weight interval of 8 to 55 g. Thro...

Fish meals (herring, menhaden, and anchovy), commercially available in Atlantic Canada and a Norwegian fish meal (Norse-LT94Reg.) formulated to contain 0, 16, 28 or 40% protein were evaluated for protein quality by in vitro assays and by growth studies with Atlantic salmon fingerlings. Pepsin digest...

Two feeding trials were conducted to evaluate lupin seed (Lupinus albus) as a replacement for soyabean meal at levels of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% of starter diets fed to 192 pigs, from 10 to 20 kg liveweight. ADF and NDF concentrations in the diets increased as the proportion of lupin in the diet in...

The N degradability and N digestibility of raw, roasted or extruded oilseeds were studied using an in vitro enzyme method. The N degradability and N digestibility of canola, linseed and soybean were calculated based on the proportional difference in N remaining after incubation and the initial N con...

Fresh excreta from caged laying hens were treated with 3% tannic acid or 2% paraformaldehyde. Two diets were made up with 64% wet weight of the excreta, 28% lucerne hay and a little maize, molasses and supplements. The diets had gross energy (GE) 3.9 to 4.0 kcal/g. A control diet had moistened soya ...

Droppings were collected every 2 days from hens on a standard maize and soya bean oilmeal diet with 17% protein. In DM crude protein was 27.5, Ca 8.5 and P 2.3%. The untreated excreta with 70% moisture was included as 30% in a diet at the expense of maize and oat husks to give a diet with 15% crude ...

In a randomized block design nutritional quality of 2 new varieties of full-fat soyabeans (SB) in broiler starter diets was evaluated. Protein sources were raw SB (39% crude protein (CP), 70 Trypsin Inhibitor Units (TIU) per g DM), autoclaved SB, autoclaved high protein (HP) SB, low trypsin inhibito...

The effects were examined of replacing part or all of the soyabean meal in the starter and finisher diets for male broiler chickens with ground, roasted, full-fat soyabeans from either a high-protein (AC Proteus) or conventional (Baron) cultivar. The starter (1-21 days) and finisher (22-36 days) die...

The effect of body fatness on glucose metabolism was studied in 6 adult crossbred wethers, weight 90 kg (fat) or 55 kg (thin). Glucose turnover measurements were made using [6-superscript 3H]glucose by single injection at metabolizable energy (ME) intakes:high, 17 MJ/day; intermediate, 10 MJ/day; lo...

Blood glucose, free fatty acids, insulin, thyroxine and free thyroxine were measured in fat (weight 90 kg) and thin (55 kg) adult sheep at 4 levels of feed intake. There were differences between groups in blood metabolites and hormones and the possibility of insulin resistance occurring in fat rumin...