Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and avian pneumovirus (APV) cause Newcastle disease and rhinotracheitis respectively, in turkeys. Both of these viruses infect the respiratory system. A one-tube, multiplex, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for the detection of both NDV and...

A reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay was developed to detect of avian pneumovirus (Colorado strain) (APV-Col). The specific primers were designed from the published sequence of the matrix protein gene of APV-Col. The primers amplified a product of 631 nucleotides from APV-Col. The...

Stunting syndrome (SS) is a viral enteric disease of turkey poults. The aetiologic agent (stunting syndrome agent [SSA]) of this disease has been reported recently. In vitro propagation of SSA was examined in primary cells, various continuous cell lines, and embryonated eggs. Turkey embryos inoculat...

Stunting syndrome is an enteric disease of turkeys causing diarrhea, reduced weight gain, poor feed efficiency, and maldigestion. The etiologic agent is a newly identified, but unclassified, virus termed the stunting syndrome agent (SSA). The SSA is a pleomorphic, enveloped virus ranging from 60 to ...

An enteric disease of young turkeys, referred to as stunting syndrome (SS), causes reduced growth and impaired feed efficiency. A recently isolated virus, stunting syndrome agent, (SSA) has been found to be the etiologic agent of SS. The objective of the present study was to determine relatedness of...

A colorimetric assay employing MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl], 2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) was used to determine the mitogenic response of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (i-IELs) of chickens to T- and B-cell mitogens. Comparisons between mitogenic responses of i-IELs and peripheral ...

Mitogenic responsiveness of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (i-IEL) to concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin P (PHA-P), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Salmonella typhimurium were evaluated in various age groups of turkeys by a colorimetric blastogenic microassay. Comparisons were made...

A field trial was conducted to measure differences in performance between selenium-supplemented and nonsupplemented heifers on a 1200-cow California dairy. 117 19- to 27-month-old Holstein heifers were randomly assigned to treatment (n = 59) and control (n = 58) groups. A federally approved, commerc...

Studies were performed to determine if passive immunization with hyperimmune sera generated to specific Newcastle disease virus (NDV) proteins conferred protection against virus challenge. Six groups of 3-wk-old chickens were passively immunized with antiserum against either hemagglutinin-neuraminid...

Cyclophosphamide (CY) was injected in ovo on the 16th, 17th and 18th days of incubation. Blood samples were collected periodically from CY-treated and non-treated birds after hatch and were used to measure blood lymphocyte responses to the T-cell and B-cell mitogens, concanavalin A and lipopolysacch...

The fluorescent antibody (FA) assay was developed for detecting the stunting syndrome agent (SSA) from intestinal tissue. Similarly, the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) assay was developed for detecting serum antibodies to SSA. Convalescent antiserum from turkeys orally immunized with SSA was fo...